Oil burner



Jue 25, 1935. R. P. BABcocK OIL BURNER Filed May 2, 1954 Patented June 25, 193.5v

UNITED STATES PATENT oFi-icE aoosei on. BURNER Reymond P. Barmer, West Hertford, conn.

Application May 2, 1934, Serial No. 723,476

s claims. (ci. 15s- 4) This invention relates to an improvement in oil ends of the electrodes, of course, extend back to burners, and particularly to burners for furnaces a transformer or supply line. for heating homes, but is equally applicable for Air is delivered through a pipe 2i from the any purpose requiring the combustion of oil fuel usual fan 22 through a notch formedin thelower for the creation of heat. edge of the refractory lining and below the bailie- 5 One object of this invention is to so arrange plate I 4, so as to escape around the edges of the the parts that an electric igniter will be reliable baille-plate, but is prevented from rising directly under all circumstances, such as variable draft in line With the nOZZle. The refrnetry lining is conditions'l freedom from soot accumulating on so designed as to completely surround the spray of the electrodes, and so arranging the electrodes oil and is built of thin refractory materlnlthnt 10 that a spark from them will bein the path of the will quickly attain e high temperature, thereby oil spray at all times. causing the oil to pass from the atomiaed state A further object of the inventionis to so arto a vaporous state before burning, so asto create range the parts that the combustion will be very a 510W, lazy. quiet ieme- The Oil is delivered t0 quiet and efficient, so that the flame will be of a the nozzle under sufficient pressure to cause the 15 gaseous character, and have a lazy slow-burning oil to leave the nozzle in an atomized-spray form, fire to avoid producing a pulsation, and furtherthe size of the refractory lining being propormore to preheat the air before it comes in contact tioned t0 the ernennt 0f Oil t0 be burned. with the fuel. The baille-plate is so constructed and arranged With these ends in view, my invention consists as to allow the air to be directed in such a man#- inthe construction as hereinafter described and ner that it will be released only against the sides particularly recited in the claims. of the refractory lining, and also so constructed In the accompanying drawing: that no air will be allowed to escape directly un- Fig. 1 is a side view, partly in section, illustratderneeth the n0ZZ1e By directing the nir against ing an oil burner constructed in accordance with the het Wells 0f the refleetery lining. any Oil that g5 my invention; impinges on the lining will be s ure to receive Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line 2--2 of Oxygen enough t0 burn. end by Preventing the A Fig,1; current of air from being directed against the Fig.v 3 is a perspective view of the combustion- 4 etemizedoil as it is discharged from ner-71e.

so enamberrefraecoryuning, detached; and the oil will be veporlzed before receiving the so Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the refractory necessary Oxygen t0 cause vcomplete elnbnstin. barile-plate, detached. thereby contributing to a slow, lazy, eihcient,

This device is adapted to be applied to practiquiet flame. cally any form of furnace into which a refractory 'The heme 0f suitable refrnntel! material, lining may be placed. 'This lining forms a com- Will heat qmkl! and thereby Preheat the air t0 85 bustion-chamber and is preferably made in secfurther assist m gasuymg the ammontions for convenience of installation. As herein The parts as described are 5 d as t9 shown, it is formed from two sections l0 and Il, prevent varying drafts of an' over the nre from changing the direction of the oil spray across and the space between the lining and the outer the path of the electrodes thus i t I o am? box W1 be filled with insulat' reliability of the ignition or the fuel at an times. Within the combustion-chamber is a. baiiieanydglrigil llllaigushaotmnof the an. Plate 4 Supported by ribs 5' and this bame is so required for combustion at a point remote from formed as to provide an air space around its edges the atomizing nozzle, the combustion which reexcept at the front, where the edges closely fit sults will not take place in a relativelymaucubithe refractory lining. Above the baille-plate Il is cal space immediately adjacent the said nozzle, an oil-atomizing nozzle I6 attached to an oil-pipe but will take place substantially throughout the I1 leading from the Seuree 0f Supply. the nOZZle entire combustion-chamber. Thus, instead of so beine placed just inside of the refractory lining having the intense combustion me piaee in a 5 through an opening 20 formed for it. Above the re1ative1y small space, as would be the case if nozzle are a, pair of sparking electrodes I8 and I9, the fresh air had immediate access to the o! adjusted so as to lie just within the outer edge of atomized oil from the nozzle, the present inventhe spray of oil from the nozzle, the electric spark tion does not deliver the air to the oil 56 being used to ignite the oil at will. The other until the latter has fully expanded intothe comu bustion-chamber and thus effects mild combustionin a relatively large space. This feature substantially eliminates the roar incident to intense combustion in a small space, since the combustion takes place in a relatively vast space, and

consequently in a relatively lazy quiet manner.

Furthermore, by delivering the air into the combustion-chamber at locations only remote from the nozzle and electrodes, shifting currents of fresh air are avoided and thus any tendency to deiiect the conical stream of atomized oil adjacent the electrode is avoided, thus avoiding varying the ignition effect and also minimizing carbonizing of the electrodes. Attention may also be called to the y,fact that by causing the walls of the combustion-chamber on the respective opposite sides of the nozzle to substantially conform to the shape of the conical stream of atomized oil emerging from the said nozzle, the leakage of currents of fresh air upwardly between the jet ofatomized oil and the wall of the combustionchamber is substantially prevented, so that the combustion is accomplished slowly substantially throughout the combustion-chamber, rather than very rapidly at a point immediately adjacent the nozzle. It may also be stated that the size of the combustion-chamber is proportioned to the amount of oil which it is desired to burn per hour, so that the slowly-burning oil substantially lls the combustion-chamber.

I claim:

1. An oil-burning apparatus including: a wall surrounding a combustion chamber; an atomizing nozzle arranged to deliver a jet of substantially air-free atomized oil approximately horizontally into said combustion chamber; electric ignition means located immediately adjacent the jet of atomized oil delivered by the said atomizing nozzle; and air-delivery'means arranged to deliver air under pressure into said combustion chamber upwardly toward the atomized oil and only at locations at least one third the maximum horizontal dimension of the combustion chamber horizontally away from-fa vertical line touching the delivery end of the atomizing nozzle; and the portion of the combustion chamber adjacent said nozzle and extending to the nearest location oi.' air-under-pressure delivery being substantially sealed against the admission of air.

2. An oil-burning apparatus including: a wall surrounding a combustion chamber; an atomizing nozzle arranged to deliver a jet of atomized oil approximately horizontally into said combustion chamber; electric ignition means located immediately adjacent the jet of atomized oil delivered by the said atomizing nozzle; andair-delivery means arranged to deliver air under pressure into said combustion chamber upwardly toward the atomized oil and only at locations remote from a vertical line touching the delivery end of the atomizing nozzle and immediately adjacent the wall of the combustion chamber.

3. An oil-burning apparatus including: a wall surrounding a combustion chamber and having an opening entering, and spaced away from and abovethe bottom of, said combustion chamber; and an atomizing nozzle and electric ignition means therefor, located in said opening and with said nozzle arranged to deliver a jet of substantially air-free atomized oil approximately horizontally into said combustion chamber, and with the deliyery end of said nozzle and the ignition portion of said ignition means within-and back from the combustion-chamber end of said openagainst the admission of air thereto except at its combustion-chamber end.

4. An oil-burning apparatus including: a. wall surrounding a combustion chamber and having an opening entering, and spaced away from and above the bottom of, said combustion chamber: an atomizing nozzle and electric ignition means therefor, located` in said opening and with said nozzle arranged to deliver a jet of substantially air-free atomized oil approximately horizontally into said combustion chamber, and with the delivery end of said nozzle and the ignition portion of said ignition means within and back from the combustion-chamber end of said opening, and said opening beingysubstantially sealed against the admission of air thereto except at its combustion-chamber end; and air-delivery means arranged to deliver air under pressure into said combustion chamber upwardly toward the atomized oil and only at locations remote from a vertical line touclnng the delivery end of the atomizing nozzle, and the portion of the combustion chamber adjacent said nozzle and extending to the nearest-location of air-under-pressure delivery being substantially sealed against the admission of air. y

. 5. An oil-burning apparatus including: a Wall surrounding a combustion chamber and having an opening entering said combustion chamber; the said wall having complementary, substantially straight, angularly-disposed, combustionchamber surface portions extending from said opening and ilared horizontally forwardly and laterally outwardly away from each other and from said opening and extending substantially continuously until they meet differently arranged combustion-chamber surface portions remote from said opening; an atomizing nozzle arranged in said opening to deliver a similarly ared jet of atomized oil approximately horizontally into said combustion chamber and along and closely adjacent said angularly-disposed surface portions; ignition means located adjacent the jet of atomized oil delivered by said atomizing nozzle; and

air-delivery means arrangedto deliver air under pressure into said combustion chamber upwardly toward the atomized oil and only at locations remote from a vertical line touching the delivery end of the atomizing nozzle. and the portion of the combustion chamber adjacent said nozzle and extending to the nearest location of air-underpressure delivery being substantially sealed against the admission of air.

6. An oil-burning apparatus including: a wall surrounding a combustion chamber and having an opening entering, and spaced away from and above the bottom of, said combustion chamber; an atomizing nozzle and electric ignition means therefor, located in said opening and with the delivery end of said nozzle and the ignition portion of said ignition means' within and back from the combustion-chamber end of said opening. and said opening being `substantially sealed against the admission of air thereto except at its combustion-cham'ber end; the said'wall having complementary, substantially straight, angularlydisposed combustion-chamber surface portions extending from said opening and iiared horizontally forwardly and laterally outwardly away from each other and from said opening and extending substantially continuously until they meet diii'erently arranged combustion-chamber surface portions remote from said opening: said'atomizing nozzle being arranged to deliver a similarly flared jet of atomized oil approximately horizontally into said combustion chamber and along and closely adjacent said singularly-disposed surface portions; and air-delivery means arranged to deliver air under pressure into said combustion l chamber only at locations remote from a vertical line touching the delivery end oi' the atomizing nozzle, and the portion oi' the combustion chunber adjacent said nozzle and extending to the nearest location of air-under-pressure delivery being substantiallyv sealed against the admission of air.

RAYMOND P. BABCOCK. 

